Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezingxenye zezimoto kubhekisela emsebenzini wezimboni obandakanya ukwelapha inani elikhulu lezingxenye zensimbi kanye nenani elincane lepulasitiki.izingxenyeukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokuguga, nokuhlobisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwazo nobuhle, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zabasebenzisi.Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezingxenye zezimoto kubandakanya izinqubo ezahlukahlukene, njengokwelashwa kwe-electrochemical, ukunamathela, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa kokushisa, kanye nendlela ye-vacuum.Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kweizingxenye zezimotoiyimboni ebalulekile esekelayo embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto, edlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni impilo yesevisi yezingxenye zezimoto, ukwehlisa izindleko zokulungisa, kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwezimoto.
Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, ngo-2018, usayizi wemakethe wokwelashwa kwengxenye yezimoto zaseChina wawungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-18.67, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngonyaka ngama-4.2%.Ngo-2019, ngenxa yomthelela wempi yezohwebo yaseSino yaseMelika kanye nokwehla kokuchuma kwemboni yokukhiqiza izimoto, izinga lokukhula kwemakethe yemboni yokwelashwa kwezingxenye zezimoto lehla, ngosayizi wemakethe jikelele olinganiselwa ku-19.24 billion yuan, inyuke ngo-3.1% unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2020, okwathintwa yi-COVID-19, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zaseChina kwehle kakhulu, okuholele ekwehleni kwesidingo embonini yokwelapha izingxenye zezimoto.Usayizi wemakethe wawungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-17.85, wehle ngo-7.2% unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2022, usayizi wemakethe wemboni ukhuphuke wafinyelela ku-22.76 billion yuan, ngenani lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lika-5.1%.Kulindeleke ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-2023, ubukhulu bemakethe yemboni buqhubeke bukhule bufinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-24.99, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-9.8%.
Kusukela ngo-2021, ngokuthuthuka kwesimo sokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane kanye nokusheshisa ukusimama komnotho, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zaseChina kuzuze ukululama nokukhula ngokushesha.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, ngo-2022, imakethe yezimoto yaseShayina yagcina inkambiso yokululama nokukhula, njengoba ukukhiqizwa nokuthengisa kufinyelela ezigidini ezingama-27.021 kanye namayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-26.864 ngokulandelana, okukhuphuke ngo-3.4% no-2.1% unyaka nonyaka.Phakathi kwazo, imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli yenze kahle kakhulu, ngokukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwezimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-23.836 kanye nezigidi ezingu-23.563, ngokulandelana, zikhuphuke ngo-11.2% no-9.5% unyaka nonyaka, zedlula izimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-20 iminyaka engu-8 ilandelana.Ngokuqhutshwa yilokhu, isidingo semboni yezokwelashwa kwezingxenye zezimoto siphinde sakhula, ngosayizi wemakethe olinganiselwa kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-19.76, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-10.7%.
Uma sibheka phambili, i-Shang Pu Consulting ikholelwa ukuthi imboni yezokwelashwa kwezimoto zaseChina izogcina ukukhula okuzinzile ngo-2023, ikakhulukazi iqhutshwa yizici ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto kuphinde kwakhuphuka.Ngokuqhubeka nokusimama komnotho wasekhaya kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuzethemba kwabathengi, kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwezinqubomgomo nezinyathelo ezethulwe izwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto, kulindeleke ukuthi ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zaseChina kuqhubeke nokugcina inkambiso yokukhula 2023, ifinyelele ezimotweni ezibalelwa ezigidini ezingama-30, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka cishe ngama-5%.Ukukhula kokukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto kuzoqhuba ngqo ukukhula kwesidingo semboni yezokwelashwa kwezingxenye zezimoto.
Okwesibili ukwanda kwesidingo sezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla.Ngokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo yezwe kanye nokukhuthazwa kwemakethe yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokongiwa kwamandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nobuhlakani obuvela kubathengi, kulindeleke ukuthi ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla eChina kuzofinyelela cishe ezigidini ezingu-8. amayunithi ngo-2023, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka cishe ngama-20%.Izimoto ezintsha zamandla zinezidingo eziphakeme zokwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezingxenye, njengamaphekhi ebhethri, izinjini, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile, ezidinga ukwelashwa okungaphezulu okufana nokunqanda ukugqwala, ukungenwa kwamanzi, nokufakwa kwe-thermal.Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kuzoletha amathuba amaningi embonini yokwelashwa kwengxenye yezimoto.
Okwesithathu, inqubomgomo yokukhiqiza kabushaizingxenye zezimotoiyathandeka.Ngomhla ziyi-18 kuNhlolanja wezi-2020, iKhomishana Kazwelonke Yezokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko yathi kwenziwa ezinye izinguquko kanye nokuthuthukiswa ezinyathelweni zokuphatha zokwenziwa kabusha kwezimoto.izingxenye zemoto.Lokhu kusho futhi ukuthi izinyathelo zenqubomgomo osekunesikhathi zilindelwe zokukhiqiza kabusha izingxenye zizosheshiswa, okuzoletha izinzuzo ezinkulu kule mboni.Ukwenziwa kabusha kwezingxenye zezimoto kusho inqubo yokuhlanza, ukuhlola, ukulungisa, nokushintsha izingxenye zezimoto ezilahliwe noma ezilimele ukuze kubuyiselwe ukusebenza kwazo kwasekuqaleni noma ukuhlangabezana namazinga omkhiqizo amasha.Ukwenziwa kabusha kwezingxenye zezimoto kungasindisa izinsiza, kunciphise izindleko, futhi kunciphise ukungcola, okuhambisana nesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kokongiwa kwamandla kazwelonke nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Inqubo yokukhiqiza kabusha izingxenye zezimoto ihlanganisa izinqubo eziningi zokwelashwa kwendawo, njengobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza, ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ngaphambi kokwelashwa, ubuchwepheshe bokufafaza nge-arc ngesivinini esiphezulu, ubuchwepheshe bokufafaza be-plasma be-supersonic obusebenza kahle kakhulu, ubuchwepheshe bokufafaza amalangabi e-supersonic, ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisa ukudubula kwensimbi, njll. Ngokuqhutshwa yizinqubomgomo, umkhakha wokukhiqiza kabusha izingxenye zezimoto kulindeleke ukuthi ube ulwandle oluluhlaza, uhlinzeke ngamathuba entuthuko embonini yokwelapha ingxenye yezimoto.
Okwesine ukukhuthazwa kobuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo.I-Industry 4.0, eholwa ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile, okwamanje iyisiqondiso soshintsho embonini yokukhiqiza yaseChina.Njengamanje, izinga eliphelele lokuzenzakalela kwemboni yokukhiqiza izimoto yaseShayina liphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, kodwa kukhona ukunqanyulwa phakathi kobuchwepheshe bamabhizinisi okwelapha ingxenye yezimoto kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izimoto.Inqubo yokuqinisa indawo yezingxenye zezimoto zasekhaya isekelwe ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni zendabuko, futhi izinga lokuzenzekelayo liphansi kakhulu.Ngokuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha obufana namarobhothi ezimboni kanye ne-inthanethi yezimboni, izinqubo ezintsha ezinjengokufafaza nge-robot electrostatic, ukwelashwa kwe-laser surface, ukufakwa kwe-ion, namafilimu amangqamuzana kancane kancane ziyathuthukiswa ngaphakathi embonini, kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe lilonke lemboni. izongena ezingeni elisha.Ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo azikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle komkhiqizo, ukunciphisa izindleko nokungcoliswa komhlaba, kodwa futhi kuhlangabeze nezidingo eziqondene nomuntu siqu nezihlukene zamakhasimende, kuthuthukise ukuncintisana kwamabhizinisi.
Kafushane, iShangpu Consulting ibikezela ukuthi usayizi wemakethe wemboni yezokwelashwa kwezimoto zaseChina uzofinyelela cishe kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-22 ngo-2023, nokukhula konyaka ngonyaka okungaba ngu-5.6%.Imboni inamathemba entuthuko abanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-24-2023
