1. Izinga elikhulu: Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano ikhule ngo-15%, kanti amandla amasha kanye nobuhlakani kuba yiwona ashukumisa intuthuko.
Ngo-2023, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano yabhekana nokwehla ngo-2022 futhi yabhekana namathuba okukhula kabusha. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, inani lokuthengisa eliphelele lemakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele amayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-3.96 ngo-2023, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-20%, okubonisa izinga lokukhula eliphakeme kakhulu cishe eminyakeni eyishumi. Lokhu kukhula kuthonywa kakhulu yizici eziningi ezifana nokuthuthukiswa kwesimo sezomnotho sasekhaya nesamazwe ngamazwe, ukwenziwa ngcono kwemvelo yenqubomgomo, kanye nokukhuthazwa kokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe.
(1) Okokuqala, isimo somnotho wasekhaya sizinzile futhi siyathuthuka, sinikeza ukwesekwa okukhulu kwesidingo semakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, umkhiqizo wezwe lonke waseShayina (i-GDP) ukhuphuke ngo-8.1% unyaka nonyaka, uphakeme kunezinga lika-6.1% unyaka wonke ka-2022. Phakathi kwazo, imboni yezemfundo ephakeme ikhule ngo-9.5% futhi yanikela ngo-60.5% ekukhuleni kwe-GDP, yaba yimbangela enkulu eqhuba ukukhula komnotho. Izimboni zezokuthutha, zokugcina impahla, kanye nezamaposi zibone ukukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-10.8%, amaphuzu angu-1.3% aphezulu kunezinga elijwayelekile lemboni yezemfundo ephakeme. Le datha ikhombisa ukuthi umnotho waseShayina usubuyele esimweni esibucayi futhi wangena esigabeni sentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokululama nokukhula kwemisebenzi yezomnotho, isidingo sezimoto zezentengiselwano kwezokuthutha kanye nezokuthutha abagibeli naso sikhulile.
(2) Okwesibili, isimo senqubomgomo sihambisana nokukhula okuzinzile kwemakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yamandla amasha kanye nobuhlakani. Unyaka ka-2023 uphawula ukuqala koHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lwe-14 kanye nokuqala kohambo olusha lokwakha izwe elithuthukisiwe le-socialist kuzo zonke izici. Kulesi simo, ohulumeni abaphakathi nabasekhaya bangenise ngokulandelana uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo nezinyathelo zokuzinzisa ukukhula, ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa, ukuqinisekisa ukuqashwa, kanye nokuzuzisa izimpilo zabantu, ukufaka amandla emakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Isibonelo, iSaziso Sokuzinzisa Nokwandisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwezimoto Siphakamisa izinyathelo eziningi njengokusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukukhuthaza ukuthengiselana kwezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda; Imibono Eqondisayo Ngokusheshisa Intuthuko Entsha Yezimoto Ezixhunyiwe Ezihlakaniphile iphakamisa imisebenzi eminingi njengokusheshisa ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe kwezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezihlakaniphile, ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezihlakaniphile, kanye nokusheshisa ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kwezimoto ezixhunyiwe ezihlakaniphile. Lezi zinqubomgomo azigcini nje ngokuhambisana nokuzinza kwemakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano, kodwa futhi zihambisana nokuthuthuka kanye nentuthuko emikhakheni yamandla amasha kanye nobuhlakani.
(3) Okokugcina, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kulethe amaphuzu amasha okukhula emakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wamandla amasha nobuhlakani. Ngo-2023, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano yenze intuthuko enkulu kanye nokuthuthuka kwamandla amasha nobuhlakani. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, imakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano zamandla amasha ithengise izimoto ezingu-412000, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-146.5%, okubalwa ku-20.8% wemakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano iyonke futhi kwafinyelela izinga eliphezulu lomlando. Phakathi kwazo, kwathengiswa amaloli amasha angu-42000 anamandla amakhulu, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-121.1%; Ukuthengiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwamaloli amasha anamandla kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-346000, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-153.9%. Ukuthengiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwamabhasi amasha anamandla kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-24000, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-63.6%. Le datha ikhombisa ukuthi izimoto ezintsha zezentengiselwano zamandla zingene enkathini yokwanda okubanzi okugxile emakethe, okuletha isigaba esisha sentuthuko nokukhula. Ngokuphathelene nobuhlakani, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, kwathengiswa izimoto zezentengiselwano ezihlakaniphile ezixhunywe ezingeni lika-78000 L1 nangaphezulu, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-78.6%, okuhlanganisa u-3.9% wemakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano iyonke. Phakathi kwazo, izimoto zezentengiselwano ezihlakaniphile ezixhunywe ezingeni lika-L1 zithengise amayunithi angu-74000, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-77.9%; izimoto zezentengiselwano ezihlakaniphile ezixhunywe ezingeni lika-L2 zithengise amayunithi angu-3800, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-87.5%; izimoto zezentengiselwano ezihlakaniphile ezixhunywe ezingeni lika-L3 noma ngaphezulu zithengise izimoto ezingu-200. Le datha ikhombisa ukuthi izimoto zezentengiselwano ezihlakaniphile ezixhunywe ngokuyisisekelo sezifinyelele ezingeni lokukhiqizwa ngobuningi futhi zisetshenziswe kwezinye izimo.
Ngamafuphi, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano ibonise ukuthambekela kokukhula okuzinzile ngaphansi kwethonya lezici eziningi ezifana nesimo sezomnotho sasekhaya nesamazwe ngamazwe, isimo senqubomgomo, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe. Ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wamandla amasha kanye nobuhlakani, isibe yimbangela eyinhloko yentuthuko yemboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano.
2. Ezingeni lemakethe elihlukaniswe ngezigaba: Amaloli amakhulu namaloli amancane aholela ekukhuleni kwemakethe, kuyilapho imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli ilulama kancane kancane.
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukusebenza kwezimakethe ezahlukene ezihlukene kunezici zazo. Kusukela kudatha, amaloli athwala kanzima namaloli alula aholela ekukhuleni kwemakethe, kuyilapho imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli ilulama kancane kancane.
(1)Amaloli anzima: Iqhutshwa yisidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda, ezokuthutha kanye nezokuthutha, imakethe yamaloli athwala umthwalo osindayo igcine izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuthengiswa kwamaloli athwala umthwalo osindayo kufinyelele ku-834000 kanye no-856000, ngokulandelana, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-23.5% kanye no-24.7%, okuphakeme kunezinga lokukhula lilonke lezimoto zezentengiselwano. Phakathi kwazo, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zamatrakta kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-488000 kanye no-499000, ngokulandelana, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-21.8% kanye no-22.8%, okubalwa ku-58.6% kanye no-58.3% wenani lilonke lamaloli athwala umthwalo osindayo, futhi kuqhubeka nokugcina isikhundla esiphezulu. Ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamaloli okulahla imfucuza kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-245000 kanye no-250000 ngokulandelana, kanye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-28% kanye no-29%, okubalwa ku-29.4% kanye no-29.2% wenani eliphelele lamaloli asindayo, okubonisa ukukhula okunamandla. Ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamaloli kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-101000 kanye no-107000 ngokulandelana, kanye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-14.4% kanye no-15.7%, okubalwa ku-12.1% kanye no-12.5% wenani eliphelele lamaloli asindayo, okugcina ukukhula okuzinzile. Ngokombono wesakhiwo semakethe, imakethe yamaloli asindayo iveza izici ezifana nezinga eliphezulu, eliluhlaza okotshani, nelihlakaniphile. Ngokuphathelene nokuthuthwa okuphezulu, kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sobungcweti, ukwenziwa komuntu siqu, kanye nokusebenza kahle ekuthuthweni kwempahla, izidingo zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusebenza, induduzo, kanye nezinye izici zemakethe yamaloli asindayo nazo ziyanda njalo. Imikhiqizo nemikhiqizo ephezulu ithandwa abasebenzisi abaningi. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, inani lemikhiqizo elinenani elingaphezu kwama-yuan angu-300000 emakethe yamaloli amakhulu lifinyelele ku-32.6%, okuwukwenyuka kwamaphuzu angu-3.2% unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuphathelene nokulima, ngokuqiniswa okuqhubekayo kwezimfuneko zokuvikelwa kwemvelo kuzwelonke, isidingo sokongiwa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya, amandla amasha, nezinye izici emakethe yamaloli amakhulu siyakhula, futhi amaloli amasha amakhulu anamandla abe yinto entsha evelele emakethe. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, amaloli amasha amakhulu anamandla athengise inani lamayunithi angu-42000, ukwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-121.1%, okubalwa u-4.9% wenani eliphelele lamaloli amakhulu, ukwenyuka konyaka nonyaka kwamaphuzu angu-2.1%. Ngokuphathelene nobuhlakani, ngokusungula izinto ezintsha nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuxhunyiwe obuhlakaniphile, isidingo sokuphepha, ukulula, kanye nokusebenza kahle emakethe yamaloli amakhulu naso sikhula njalo. Amaloli amakhulu axhunyiwe ahlakaniphile asewumkhuba omusha emakethe. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, kwathengiswa amaloli amakhulu axhunyiwe ahlakaniphile angama-56000 L1 nangaphezulu, ukwanda okungu-82.1% unyaka nonyaka, okubalwa u-6.5% wenani eliphelele lamaloli amakhulu, ukwanda ngamaphesenti angu-2.3 unyaka nonyaka.
(2)Amaloli alula: Iqhutshwa yisidingo esivela ekuthuthweni kwe-e-commerce, ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zasemakhaya, nezinye izici, imakethe yamaloli amancane iqhubeke nokukhula okusheshayo. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamaloli amancane kufinyelele ku-1.648 million kanye no-1.669 million, ngokulandelana, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-28.6% kanye no-29.8%, okuphakeme kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula lezimoto zezentengiselwano. Phakathi kwazo, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamaloli amancane kufinyelele ku-387000 kanye no-395000, ngokulandelana, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-23.8% kanye no-24.9%, okubalelwa ku-23.5% kanye no-23.7% wenani lilonke lamaloli amancane namancane; Ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamaloli amancane kufinyelele ku-1.261 million kanye no-1.274 million ngokulandelana, kanye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-30% kanye no-31.2%, okubalwa ku-76.5% kanye no-76.3% wenani eliphelele lamaloli amancane nakhanyayo. Ngokombono wesakhiwo semakethe, imakethe yamaloli amancane iveza izici ezifana nokuhlukahluka, ukuhlukahluka, kanye namandla amasha. Ngokuphathelene nokuhlukahluka, ngokuvela nokuthuthukiswa kwezidingo ezahlukahlukene ezifana nokuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce, ukusetshenziswa kwasemaphandleni, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwasemadolobheni, isidingo sezinhlobo zemikhiqizo, imisebenzi, amafomu, nezinye izici emakethe yamaloli amancane siye sahlukahluka kakhulu, kanti imikhiqizo yamaloli amancane nayo ihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi inemibala. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, emakethe yamaloli amancane, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zendabuko ezifana nezimoto zamabhasikidi, ama-flatbed, kanye namaloli okulahla udoti, kwakukhona nezinhlobo ezikhethekile zemikhiqizo efana nochungechunge olubandayo, ukulethwa okusheshayo, kanye nemikhiqizo yezokwelapha. Lezi zinhlobo ezikhethekile zemikhiqizo zaba ngu-8.7%, ukwanda ngamaphesenti angu-2.5 unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuphathelene nokwehluka, ngokuqina komncintiswano emakethe yamaloli amancane, izinkampani zamaloli amancane nazo zinaka kakhulu ukwehluka komkhiqizo kanye nokwenza kube ngokwakho ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo nezintandokazi zabasebenzisi abahlukene. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, inani lemikhiqizo enezici ezihluke kakhulu emakethe yamaloli amancane lifinyelele ku-12.4%, ukwanda kwamaphuzu angu-3.1% unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuphathelene namandla amasha, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe obusha bamandla kanye nokwehla okuqhubekayo kwezindleko, isidingo semikhiqizo emisha yamandla emakethe yamaloli amancane naso siyakhula, futhi amaloli amasha okukhanya kwamandla abe amandla amasha okushayela emakethe. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, kwathengiswa amaloli amasha okukhanya kwamandla angu-346000, ukwanda okungu-153.9% unyaka nonyaka, okubalwa ku-20.7% yenani lilonke lamaloli amancane nalawa akhanyayo, ukwanda kwamaphuzu angu-9.8% unyaka nonyaka.
(3) Amabhasi: Ngenxa yezici ezifana nokwehla kancane kancane komthelela wobhubhane kanye nokubuyela kancane kancane kwesidingo sezokuvakasha, imakethe yamabhasi iyalulama kancane kancane. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Shangpu Consulting Group, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zabagibeli kufinyelele kumayunithi ayi-141000 kanye namayunithi ayi-145000, ngokulandelana, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-2.1% kanye no-2.8%, okuphansi kunezinga lokukhula lilonke lezimoto zezentengiselwano, kodwa kukhuphuke kabusha uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka wonke ka-2022. Phakathi kwazo, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezinkulu zabagibeli kufinyelele kumayunithi angama-28000 kanye namayunithi angama-29000 ngokulandelana, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka okungu-5.1% kanye no-4.6%, okubalelwa ku-19.8% kanye no-20% wenani lilonke lezimoto zabagibeli; Ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zabagibeli eziphakathi nendawo kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-37000 kanye no-38000 ngokulandelana, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-0.5% kanye no-0.3%, okubalwa u-26.2% kanye no-26.4% wenani lezimoto zabagibeli; Ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamabhasi alula kufinyelele kumayunithi angu-76000 kanye no-78000 ngokulandelana, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-6.7% kanye no-7.4%, okubalwa u-53.9% kanye no-53.6% wenani lamabhasi. Ngokombono wesakhiwo semakethe, imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli iveza izici ezifana namandla aphezulu, amasha, kanye nobuhlakani. Ngokuphathelene nentuthuko ephezulu, kanye nezidingo ezikhulayo zekhwalithi, ukusebenza, kanye nenduduzo yezimoto zabagibeli ezindaweni ezifana nezokuvakasha kanye nezokuthutha zomphakathi, imikhiqizo ephezulu kanye nemikhiqizo iye yathandwa abasebenzisi abaningi. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, inani lemikhiqizo elingaphezu kwama-yuan angu-500000 emakethe yezimoto zabagibeli lifinyelele ku-18.2%, okuwukwenyuka kwamaphuzu angu-2.7% unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuphathelene nokusetshenziswa kwamandla amasha, ngokusekelwa nokukhuthazwa kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke zokongiwa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya, ukuhamba okuluhlaza, nezinye izici, isidingo semikhiqizo emisha yamandla emakethe yezimoto zabagibeli naso sikhula njalo, futhi izimoto zabagibeli ezintsha zamandla sezibe yinto entsha emakethe. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, amabhasi amasha amandla athengise amayunithi angu-24000, ukwanda ngo-63.6% unyaka nonyaka, okubalwa u-16.5% wenani eliphelele lamabhasi, ukwanda kwamaphuzu angu-6% unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuphathelene nobuhlakani, ngokusungula izinto ezintsha nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuxhunyiwe obuhlakaniphile, isidingo sokuphepha, ukulula, kanye nokusebenza kahle emakethe yezimoto zabagibeli naso sikhula njalo. Izimoto zabagibeli ezixhunyiwe ezihlakaniphile sezibe umkhuba omusha emakethe. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukuthengiswa kwamabhasi axhunyiwe ngobuhlakani ngaphezu kwezinga le-L1 kufinyelele ku-22000, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-72.7%, okubalwa u-15.1% wenani eliphelele lamabhasi, ukwanda ngamaphesenti angu-5.4.
Ngamafuphi, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukusebenza kwezimakethe ezahlukene ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba kunezici zazo. Amaloli amakhulu namaloli amancane ahola ukukhula kwemakethe, kuyilapho imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli ilulama kancane kancane. Ngokombono wesakhiwo semakethe, izimakethe ezahlukene ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba zibonisa izici ezifana namandla aphezulu, amandla amasha, kanye nobuhlakani.
3. Isiphetho kanye nesiphakamiso: Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano ibhekene namathuba okukhula kabusha, kodwa futhi ibhekene nezinselele eziningi kanye nezidingo zokuqinisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokubambisana
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano ibhekane nokwehla ngo-2022 futhi yabhekana namathuba okukhula kabusha. Ngokombono we-macro, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano ikhule ngo-15%, amandla amasha kanye nobuhlakani kuba amandla ashukumisa intuthuko; Ngokombono wezimakethe ezihlukene, amaloli amakhulu namaloli amancane ahola ukukhula kwemakethe, kuyilapho imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli ilulama kancane kancane; Ngokombono wezinkampani, izinkampani zezimoto zezentengiselwano zibhekene nokuncintisana okukhulu, kanye nokwehluka kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kuba ukuncintisana kwazo okuyinhloko. Le datha kanye nezimo zibonisa ukuthi imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano iphume emthunzini wobhubhane futhi yangena esigabeni esisha sentuthuko.
Kodwa-ke, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano nayo ibhekene nezinselelo eziningi kanye nokungaqiniseki. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isimo sezomnotho sasekhaya nesamazwe ngamazwe sisalokhu siyinkimbinkimbi futhi sishintsha njalo, kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe yokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane, futhi ukungqubuzana kwezohwebo kusaqhubeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Lezi zinto zingase zibe nemiphumela emibi emakethe yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezinkinga ezithile kanye nokungqubuzana ngaphakathi embonini yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Isibonelo, yize insimu yamandla amasha kanye nobuhlakani ithuthuka ngokushesha, kunezinkinga ezifana nokuvinjelwa kobuchwepheshe, ukuntuleka kwezindinganiso, izingozi zokuphepha, kanye nengqalasizinda enganele; Nakuba imakethe yezimoto zabagibeli ilulama kancane kancane, iphinde ibhekane nengcindezi efana nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, kanye nokuguqulwa kokusetshenziswa; Nakuba amabhizinisi ezimoto zezentengiselwano ebhekene nokuncintisana okukhulu, nawo abhekene nezinkinga ezifana nokuhlanganiswa, ukusebenza kahle okuphansi, kanye namandla okukhiqiza ngokweqile.
Ngakho-ke, kulesi simo samanje, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano idinga ukuqinisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokubambisana ukuze kuxazululwe izinselelo kanye nokungaqiniseki. Ngokukhethekile, kuneziphakamiso eziningana:
(1) Ukuqinisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kuyimbangela eyisisekelo yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele yandise ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, idlulele phambili kubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko, futhi yenze intuthuko eyengeziwe kanye nokuthuthuka emandleni amasha, ekuhlakanipheni, ekulula, ekuphepheni, nakwezinye izici. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele ithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle, ihlinzeke ngemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisebenzayo, nezikhululekile ngenkathi ihlangabezana nezidingo zomsebenzisi, futhi ithuthukise ukwaneliseka komsebenzisi kanye nokwethembeka.
(2) Ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa okujwayelekile, ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwezimboni kanye nentuthuko ehlelekile. Ukwakhiwa okujwayelekile kuyisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo kanye nendima ehamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele iqinise ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ezijwayelekile, yakhe futhi ithuthukise amazinga obuchwepheshe, amazinga okuphepha, amazinga okuvikela imvelo, amazinga ekhwalithi, njll. ahambisana namazinga omhlaba wonke, futhi inikeze amazinga nezimfuneko ezihlangene zocwaningo nentuthuko, ukukhiqizwa, ukuthengiswa, ukusetshenziswa, ukuvuselelwa kabusha, kanye nezinye izici zemikhiqizo yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele iqinise ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuphathwa kwamazinga, ikhuthaze ukwenziwa kwezimboni okujwayelekile kanye nentuthuko ehlelekile, futhi ithuthukise izinga eliphelele kanye nokuncintisana kwemboni.
(3) Ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda nokuthuthukisa indawo yokusebenza neyesevisi yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda kuyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele iqinise ukuxhumana nokubambisana neminyango nezimboni ezifanele, ikhuthaze ukwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda njengeziteshi zokushaja izimoto zamandla amasha, amanethiwekhi okuxhumana ezimoto axhunyiwe ahlakaniphile, kanye nezindawo zokupaka izimoto zezentengiselwano, futhi inikeze ukulula kanye nesiqinisekiso sokusebenza kanye nensizakalo yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele iqinise ukuxhumana kanye nokubambisana neminyango nezimboni ezifanele, ikhuthaze ukwakhiwa kanye nokwenza ngcono ingqalasizinda njengeziteshi zokuthutha izimoto zezentengiselwano, izikhungo zokusabalalisa izinto, kanye neziteshi zabagibeli, futhi ihlinzeke ngendawo ephumelelayo nephephile yokuthutha kanye nokuhamba kwezimoto zezentengiselwano.
(4) Ukuqinisa ukubambisana kwemakethe nokwandisa amasimu okusetshenziswa kanye nezinsizakalo zezimoto zezentengiselwano. Ukubambisana kwemakethe kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano. Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele iqinise ukuxhumana kanye nokubambisana neminyango nezimboni ezifanele, ikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kanye nezinsizakalo zezimoto zezentengiselwano kwezokuthutha zomphakathi, ezokuvakasha, ezokuthutha, ezokuthutha ezikhethekile, kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi inikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kwentuthuko yezenhlalo nezomnotho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano kufanele iqinise ukuxhumana kanye nokubambisana neminyango nezimboni ezifanele, ikhuthaze izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha kanye nezinsizakalo zezimoto zezentengiselwano emandleni amasha, ubuhlakani, ukwabelana, kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi ihlinzeke ngokuhlola okuzuzisayo kokuthuthukisa impilo yomphakathi.
Ngamafuphi, imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano ibhekene namathuba okukhula okuvuselelayo, kodwa futhi ibhekene nezinselele eziningi. Imboni yezimoto zezentengiselwano idinga ukuqinisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokubambisana ukuze ibhekane nezinselele kanye nokungaqiniseki futhi ifinyelele intuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-24-2023
