Intwasahlobo yamaqabunga angemuva ehlanganisiwe ithembisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kakhudlwana kanye nesisindo esincane.
Uma ukhuluma ngegama elithi “intwasahlobo yamaqabunga” kukhona ukuthambekela kokucabanga ngezimoto ezindala ezinemisipha eneziphetho zangemuva ezingavamile, ezifakwe enqoleni, eziqinile noma, ngokwesithuthuthu, amabhayisikili angaphambi kwempi ane-suspension yangaphambili yamaqabunga entwasahlobo. Kodwa-ke, manje sibheka ukuvuselela umqondo wamabhayisikili e-motocross.
Eqinisweni, nakuba izinhlelo zokumiswa ezindala ezingavuthiwe zivame ukusebenzisa iziphethu zamaqabunga, isiphethu ngokwaso asivamile ukuba umthombo wokuntuleka kwazo kobuchwepheshe. I-Corvette yeChevrolet yasebenzisa iziphethu zamaqabunga ezishintshashintshayo ekumisweni okuzimele kusukela esizukulwaneni sesibili ngo-1963 kuze kube yilapho kwethulwa isizukulwane sesishiyagalombili ngo-2020, yasebenzisa iziphethu zamaqabunga ezihlanganisiwe zepulasitiki eyodwa ngawo-'80s. Okungadumile kangako, iVolvo isebenzisa iziphethu zamaqabunga ezihlanganisiwe, ezishintshashintshayo kumamodeli ayo amaningana akamuva. Uma zisetshenziswa kahle, iziphethu zamaqabunga ezenziwe ngezinto zesimanje zingaba lula kunezikhoyili zensimbi, futhi kwezinye izimo ukuma kwazo okude, okuyisicaba kulula ukukupakisha. Iziphethu zamaqabunga ezihlanganisiwe, ezenziwe ngengxenye eyodwa kunokuba zibe amaqabunga ahlanganisiwe eziphethu zamaqabunga zensimbi zendabuko, nazo zigwema ukungqubuzana kwamaqabunga amaningi axubana ndawonye, okwakungenye yezingqinamba ezinkulu zemiklamo emidala.
Iziphethu zamaqabunga ziye zavela kumabhayisikili e-motocross enkathini yanamuhla ngaphambili. I-Yamaha's 1992-93 factory 'crosser, i-YZM250 0WE4, yasebenzisa iqabunga elilodwa elihlanganisiwe ngemuva, ingxenye yalo engaphambili iboshwe ngaphansi kwenjini kanti ingxenye yangemuva iboshwe ekuxhumaneni ngaphansi kwengalo ye-swingarm, ukuze njengoba isondo langemuva liphakama, iqabunga ligobe ukuze linikeze i-springing. Umqondo kwakuwukuhlanza indawo lapho i-spring yangemuva kanye ne-damper kwakuvame ukuhlala khona, okuvumela indlela yokungena eqondile yenjini. Kwafakwa ne-damper encane, ejikelezayo futhi ibhayisikili laba ngumnqobi womjaho kokubili ngo-1992 nango-1993 ku-All-Japan Championship.
Umklamo wethu omusha, owembulwe kwisicelo se-patent esivela enkampanini yase-Austria, ubhekisela kwi-Yamaha futhi ukhomba izinzuzo ezifanayo maqondana nokupakisha, kodwa usebenzisa ukwakheka okuhlukile. Njengoba kuboniswe ezithombeni, sibeka iqabunga endaweni ecishe iqonde phezulu, siqinile ngemuva kwenjini ukuze sisuse isikhala esivame ukugcwaliswa yi-coilover (i-patent iqinisekisa ukuthi ngenkathi isithombe sayo esihamba phambili sibonisa uhlelo olumbozwe esithombeni se-motocrosser evamile, intwasahlobo ye-coil eboniswe esithombeni ngeke ibe khona).
Ingxenye ephezulu nephansi yesiphethu ngasinye siboshwe ngokuqinile ekugcineni kwezixhumi. Uxhumano oluphezulu lufakwe ngokugxila ohlakeni oluyinhloko lwebhayisikili, kuyilapho uxhumano oluphansi lujikeleza lusuka ebhuleki ngaphansi kwengalo yesiphethu. Umphumela uba ukuthi, njengoba ingalo yesiphethu iqhubekela phezulu, kufakwa ukugoba esiphethu seqabunga elihlanganisiwe. Ukuze wengeze ukulungiswa, ubude boxhumano oluphezulu buyalungiswa ngentambo yesikulufu kanye nenkinobho yokulungisa, okwenza kube lula ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa ukulayisha kusengaphambili ohlelweni.
Ilungelo lobunikazi alibonisi i-damper yengxenye yangemuva kodwa umbhalo walo uqinisekisa ukuthi i-damper evamile izosetshenziswa ukulawula ukumiswa kwangemuva. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka ibe ncane kakhulu kune-shock evamile yangemuva, noma ifakwe ngendlela ehlukile, ukuze ivumele i-KTM ukuthi isebenzise izinzuzo zesiphethu samaqabunga, ezihlotshaniswa kakhulu nendawo ekhululayo. Ilungelo lobunikazi lisikisela ukuthi lesi sikhala singasetshenziswa ukwenza izingxenye ze-powertrain njenge-airbox, i-intake tract, noma i-muffler, isibonelo, zibe zinkulu noma zisebenze kahle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kungavumela ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe kokuhlelwa kwamabhayisikili e-motocross asebenza ngogesi esikhathini esizayo.
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zokupakisha, enye inzuzo yesistimu ukuthi ingashintshwa. Ilungelo lethu lobunikazi libonisa ukuthi ukushintsha ubude noma ukuma kwezixhumanisi ezibambe noma yikuphi ukuphela kwentwasahlobo kungashintsha kanjani ukuziphatha kokumiswa. Komunye umfanekiso (Isithombe 7 kulungelo lobunikazi), kuboniswe amalungiselelo amane ahlukene e-lever ashintsha ukuziphatha kokumiswa kwangemuva: ukushintsha kusuka esilinganisweni sokukhuphuka (7a) kuya esilinganisweni esingaguquki (7b), kanye nokwehla kwamazinga entwasahlobo (7c kanye no-7d). Lezo zimo ezihluke kakhulu zifezwa ngaphandle kokushintsha intwasahlobo uqobo.
Njengakuqala, isicelo selungelo lobunikazi asiqinisekisi ukuthi umbono uzofinyelela ekukhiqizweni, kodwa izinzuzo zokupakisha zengxenye yangemuva yentwasahlobo yamaqabunga zingaba yigugu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi esikhathini esizayo njengoba izitimela zikagesi ziphoqa onjiniyela ukuthi bacabange kabusha ngezakhiwo ezivamile eziye zathuthukiswa phakathi nekhulu leminyaka lamabhayisikili anenjini ye-piston.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-12-2023
